Although declared a native species in 1993, many biologists believe mountain goats historically occupied the Rocky Mountains no farther south than Wyoming. Early explorers to Colorado may have mistaken female bighorn sheep for mountain goats because of their comparable size, shape, and slightly curved small horns. Even today, novice observers often confuse the two species. In 1948, mountain goats were first transplanted to Mount Shavano in the Collegiate Range. From about dozen transplant sites statewide, Colorado’s mountain goat population has grown to about 1500 animals.
To ensure a successful outing to view these majestic mammals, here are some basic Watchable Wildlife tips and techniques:
- Establish a search image—what to look for
One distinguishing feature of the mountain goat is the shaggy, white to yellow-white coat that is comprised of two layers—long external guard hairs and a thick, woolly underfur. Contrasting sharply with the white fur are the jet-black horns (both sexes have them), hooves, and nose pad.
- Know where and how to look
Be familiar with the animal’s habitat preference to narrow your search parameters. Mountain goats inhabit the steepest landscape of the treeless alpine tundra (11,000 feet or higher in elevation) so make sure you are physically able to seek out these elusive mountain dwellers. Scan the rocky terrain looking for the contrasting white color of a goat against the backdrop of cliffs, rock faces, and talus slopes.
Like people, animals tend to follow a daily routine. Mountain goats spend a great deal of the morning foraging in open areas that have abundant, edible plants, then rest at midday and resume feeding from late afternoon into the evening. For obvious reasons, the summer season offers the best opportunity to observe mountain goats. Born in May or early June, lambs can be seen nursing until August or early September. Look for mixed-herds of nannies, lambs, and sub-adults living together all summer. Billies are solitary most of the year with the exception of the rut (breeding season) in November and December.
Afternoon thunderstorms are especially dangerous on the open terrain of alpine tundra. Also, be aware of predators, like mountain lions, that stalk and prey upon mountain goats. Lastly, for your own protection and to lessen the impact of your presence, always view animals from a distance. If they move away from you, you’re too close!
Enjoy your gazing for goats in Colorado’s high country!